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Martin Luther King, Jr.: The trouble is that we live in a failed system. Capitalism does not permit an even flow of economic resources...That’s the way the system works. And since we know that the system will not change the rules, we’re going to have to change the system. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5991


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).




Võ Nguyên Giáp: They mounted nearly 100,000 strikes against our beloved North Viet Nam, using more than one million tons of bombs and shells. They tried all kinds of hardware in their arsenal such as bombs and shells, rockets, steel-pellet bombs, napalm and magnetic bombs, and all the other most up-to-date and murderous weapons at their disposal short of nuclear ones. The U.S. imperialists thought that with their modern air and naval forces and the huge amount of bombs and shells which they believed nothing would resist, they could easily achieve their strategic objectives and finally subdue our people and bring to fruition their scheme of neo-colonialist aggression. But they were grossly mistaken. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5992


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Geoffrey Fisher: There is a sacred realm of privacy for every man and woman where he makes his choices and decisions—a realm of his own essential rights and liberties into which the law, generally speaking, must not intrude. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5993


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).







Edward Killingworth Johnson


Edward Killingworth Johnson (1825 - 1896) était un graveur sur bois, illustrateur et aquarelliste britannique. Il est connu pour avoir créé les premières illustrations du roman She, publié par Rider Haggard en 1887.

Johnson est né à Bow, Londres, le 30 mai 1825 d'un marchand irlandais, Richard Johnson, et de sa femme Mary Meadows. Il a suivi une formation d'apprenti auprès du graveur sur bois John Orrin Smith à partir de 1839, puis auprès de l'associé de Smith, William James Linton. Il travaille ensuite comme graveur sur bois pendant plusieurs années. Il étudie le dessin à la Langham Life School et commence à peindre professionnellement vers 1863. Dans les années 1860, il collabore régulièrement aux périodiques illustrés The Illustrated London News et, à partir de 1869, The Graphic. Il devient membre de la Society of Painters in Water Colours en 1876; il y expose ses œuvres, ainsi qu'à la Royal Academy, à l'American Society of Painters in Water Color, à l'Exposition de Philadelphie et à l'Exposition universelle de Paris.

Johnson épouse Hannah Reynolds en novembre 1871; ils quittent Londres pour s'installer dans la maison familiale de Baker's Farm, dans l'Essex, et ont trois enfants. Ses oncles étaient l'illustrateur et aquarelliste John Masey Wright et le peintre de marine James Meadows. Il meurt à Halstead, dans l'Essex, le 7 avril 1896, et est enterré à Sible Hedingham.

Johnson a préparé les premières illustrations du roman She de Rider Haggard (1887), qui restent parmi ses œuvres les plus connues.

De nombreuses œuvres de Johnson sont répertoriées dans le catalogue de vente aux enchères préparé après sa mort.




Frederick Morgan


Frederick Morgan (1847 - 3 avril 1927) était un peintre anglais de portraits, d'animaux et de scènes domestiques et champêtres. Il s'est fait connaître par ses scènes de genre idylliques de l'enfance.

Morgan est né à Londres de John Morgan et de sa femme, Henrietta Hester Clare. Son père était un artiste de genre à succès, parfois connu sous le nom de « Jury Morgan » (d'après l'une de ses peintures, The Gentlemen of the Jury). À l'âge de 14 ans, il est retiré de l'école par son père, qui lui donne des cours d'art. À l'âge de 16 ans, alors qu'il étudie toujours avec son père, son premier tableau, The Rehearsal, est exposé à la Royal Academy et, après une interruption de plusieurs années, ses peintures y sont exposées régulièrement. Pendant un certain temps, il travaille comme portraitiste pour un photographe d'Aylesbury; cette formation s'est avérée cruciale car elle lui a «appris à observer attentivement et à accorder la plus grande attention aux détails».

Il finit par se tourner vers d'autres sujets, en particulier les scènes de genre idylliques de la vie à la campagne et de l'enfance. Pendant de nombreuses années, à partir de 1874, Thomas Agnew & Sons' achète toutes ses œuvres. Au cours de cette période, il a peint certaines de ses œuvres les plus populaires, telles que The Doll's Tea Party (1874), Emigrants' Departure (1875) et School Belles (1877). La plupart de ses peintures ont été réalisées dans le village de Shere, près de Guildford, un lieu de retraite bien connu des artistes. Il a également peint en Normandie, notamment Midday Rest (1879) et An Apple Gathering (1880).

Bien qu'excellent portraitiste, Morgan avait des difficultés à représenter les animaux domestiques et les animaux de basse-cour - il faisait appel à Arthur John Elsley ou à Allen Sealey (1850-1927) lorsque de tels problèmes devaient être résolus.

Il est surtout connu pour ses peintures romantiques et sentimentales d'enfants, dans le même style que son contemporain Arthur John Elsley. Ses peintures ont connu une grande popularité de son vivant et ont été largement publiées. Il a exposé à la Royal Academy et était membre du Royal Institute of Oil Painters (ROI).

En 1872, il épouse une autre peintre, Alice Mary Havers (1850-1890); ils ont trois enfants. Leur fils aîné, Valentine, connue sous le nom de Val Havers, devint également peintre. Frederick Morgan se marie encore deux fois et a deux enfants du second mariage.

Les peintures de Morgan sont exposées dans de nombreuses galeries d'art et musées, dont la Walker Art Gallery de Liverpool et le Russell-Cotes Museum de Bournemouth. Son tableau Turn Next a été utilisé pour la publicité du savon Pears' Soap et se trouve à la Lady Lever Art Gallery, à Port Sunlight.




Fanny Brate


Fanny Ingeborg Matilda Brate (née Ekbom ; 26 février 1861 - 22 avril 1940) était une peintre suédoise. Elle s'est spécialisée dans les scènes de genre, mettant en scène des familles, qui sont souvent citées comme source d'inspiration pour des œuvres similaires de Carl Larsson.


Fanny Brate est la fille de Johan Frans Gustaf Oskar Ekbom (1832-1894), employé de maison du prince Oscar, duc d'Östergötland (futur roi Oscar II), et elle est née dans les palats d'Arvfurstens. De 1868 à 1877, elle étudie dans une école de filles, puis suit des cours de dessin à l'école des arts et métiers. Elle y devient étudiante à temps plein de 1878 à 1879. Cette année-là, elle commence à suivre les cours d'August Malmström à l'Académie royale suédoise des beaux-arts En 1885, elle reçoit une médaille royale [sv] pour une peinture d'elle-même entourée d'écoliers.

En 1887, grâce à une bourse de voyage de l'Académie royale, elle suit des cours à l'Académie Colarossi à Paris. La même année, elle épouse le runologue Erik Brate. Ils ont eu quatre filles. Torun [sv], leur deuxième fille, devint également peintre Elle continua à faire des voyages d'étude en Europe occidentale, y compris une visite à l'Exposition Universelle (1889). Au tournant du siècle, elle adopte le style impressionniste et rejoint les peintres de Skagen. Nombre de ses œuvres représentent ses propres enfants. Le processus d'éducation des enfants l'a également incitée à illustrer des livres pour enfants, tels que Mormors eventyr (Grandma's Tales), et à prendre part au débat en cours sur l'éducation.

En 1891, elle devient membre de la Svenska konstnärernas förening [sv] (Association des artistes suédois).

Le Nationalmuseum a organisé une exposition commémorative de ses œuvres en 1943. Ses œuvres sont également visibles au Nordiska museet[4] et au Göteborgs konstmuseum.



Benjamin Constant: We must decide, act and be silent. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5994


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Sally Swatland


Sally Swatland est née à Washington, DC, et a déménagé à Greenwich, Connecticut, à l'âge de sept ans. Son père était un avocat prospère, ce qui a permis à sa famille de passer de longues périodes à la campagne et de nombreuses vacances dans divers endroits au bord de la mer à travers les États-Unis. Elle partageait avec sa famille une passion pour les plages, le soleil et l'air frais. Elle passait la plupart de ses journées d'été à la plage, à jouer dans les mares, à chasser les vairons, à ramasser des coquillages et à explorer.

Sally a deux sœurs qui ont également été encouragées à étudier le dessin, la peinture et tout ce qui développe l'expression créative. Tout au long de son enfance et de son adolescence, elle a peint et dessiné en permanence, développant son talent d'observation et d'enregistrement du monde qui l'entourait. Elle a commencé à peindre à l'âge de cinq ans. Tout au long de sa scolarité, elle a suivi des cours d'art. Elle a toujours été passionnée par l'art et adore expérimenter les couleurs et la lumière.

Après avoir obtenu un diplôme en beaux-arts au Mount Saint Vincent College, elle a étudié le dessin de figures pendant six ans (1969-1974) à l'Art Students League de New York. Elle y a étudié avec Robert Shultz, l'illustrateur qui a poursuivi la tradition de Norman Rockwell et qui est devenu célèbre pour ses illustrations qui ont orné les couvertures de nombreux livres de Zane Gray.

Pendant les mois d'été, Schultz organise de nombreux cours de peinture de paysage en plein air dans la campagne du New Jersey, pour lesquels Sally parcourt religieusement de longues distances.

Sally s'est mariée au milieu de la vingtaine et a peint sa première « scène de plage » alors qu'elle était enceinte de son premier enfant.

Sally se souvient très bien de cette époque: «C'est un peu par hasard que j'ai eu l'idée de peindre des enfants à la plage. J'avais étudié la peinture de figures et de paysages à l'Art Students League et je cherchais un sujet qui m'intéressait. Alors que j'étais enceinte de mon premier enfant, je suis allée un jour à la plage avec ma mère et j'ai pris des photos d'enfants jouant dans des flaques d'eau. Je suis rentrée chez moi et j'ai peint un petit tableau que j'ai montré à quelques personnes. La réaction a été très encourageante. Ils ont aimé l'atmosphère de la peinture. J'en ai peint quelques autres cet été-là».

Après la naissance de sa première fille, Noelle, en 1975, elle a passé de nombreuses journées d'été sur les plages de Greenwich, dans le Connecticut. Elle emmenait Noelle et ses amis à la plage pendant les mois d'été. C'est là qu'elle filmait les enfants dans toutes sortes d'activités de plage. Ses images préférées sont celles d'enfants jouant dans des bassins de marée, qui produisent des reflets lumineux et colorés.

Lorsque sa deuxième fille, Katie, est née en 1981, elle a continué à se rendre quotidiennement à la plage pendant l'été, ajoutant un nouveau modèle à son travail. Les groupes d'enfants qui se réunissent pour aller à la plage sont de plus en plus nombreux et, à mesure que Noelle et Katie grandissent, la famille se rend sur les plages des Hamptons, ainsi que sur diverses plages du nord et du sud de la Californie. Sally emportait à la plage divers vêtements colorés et un assortiment de chapeaux, et elle passait beaucoup de temps à chercher le vêtement de plage qui lui convenait.

Sally et ses enfants se livraient à de nombreuses subornations pour qu'ils collaborent à ce qu'elle appelle aujourd'hui ses « archives de photos de plage ». Les enfants savaient qu'il s'agissait d'un moyen d'acquérir d'autres friandises estivales et d'obtenir des avantages supplémentaires ; les enfants savaient comment obtenir des faveurs - tout cela amusait Sally. Ses séances de photos sur la plage attiraient toujours la foule, en particulier les jeunes enfants, ce qui lui permettait d'avoir accès à encore plus de modèles.

Pendant les mois d'hiver, Sally passait son temps à peindre des portraits et la plupart de ses commandes provenaient de références, mais elle adorait les images d'été sur la plage. Aujourd'hui, bien qu'elle reçoive encore de nombreuses commandes de portraits, elle s'est tournée vers ses images insouciantes d'enfants jouant sur la plage. Sally s'inspire de ses vastes archives de photos de plage pour créer des images chaleureuses et colorées de l'enfance.

Sally a exposé à l'Hudson Valley Juried Show ; elle a été choisie pour peindre la carte de Noël du gouverneur du Connecticut deux années de suite ; elle a participé à un certain nombre d'expositions individuelles dans le Connecticut et s'implique dans de nombreuses œuvres de bienfaisance. Chaque année, Sally fait don de ses œuvres à Brunswick Academy, Greenwich Academy, Lime Association of Fairfield County, Putnam Indian Field School et Sloan Kettering Hospital (American Cancer Society) afin qu'elles puissent être vendues aux enchères pour récolter des fonds.

Actuellement, Sally est membre des sociétés suivantes :
- Société impressionniste américaine ;
- Société américaine des artistes marins ;
- Société américaine des artistes portraitistes ;
- Cape Cod Art Association. | © Rehs Galleries, Inc.




Gustav Igler


Gustav Igler était un artiste peintre austro-allemand né le 15 mai 1842 et mort le 22 janvier 1938. Il a été élève de Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller à Vienne depuis 1858, puis a étudié la peinture du 24 octobre 1868 à 1871 à l'Académie royale des beaux-arts de Munich avec Arthur von Ramberg.

En 1888, Igler est nommé directeur de la classe de peinture technique à l'école royale des beaux-arts de Stuttgart. En 1896, il dirige la IIe exposition internationale de peinture. Exposition internationale de peinture à Stuttgart. Il passait la plupart de ses mois d'été à Rothenburg ob der Tauber. Après avoir pris sa retraite en 1914, il retourna à Munich. Il montra ses œuvres au Glaspalast de Munich, ainsi que dans le «Gartenlaube» et d'autres magazines. Dans ses tableaux de genre, il représentait le plus souvent des enfants en train de jouer.




Alfred Fowler Patten


Alfred Fowler Patten est un artiste britannique né à Londres en 1829 et mort à Londres en 1896. Fils de George Patten, élève de son père, il étudie également pendant un certain temps à la Royal Academy. Il a souvent exposé à la Royal Academy et dans la galerie de la Society of British Artists, dont il est membre quelques années avant son décès.

Parmi ses dernières œuvres à la Royal Academy, on peut noter «May-Day Revelers fetching forth their Queen», en 1870; «Happy Springtime», en 1873; «Reading Robinson Crusoe», en 1878. À la Society of British Artists, il envoie, en 1877, «Lovers, beware!» et «Fresh Flowers»; en 1878, «Feeding the Ducks» et «La belle fleuriste».



Justice William O. Douglas: We are rapidly entering the age of no privacy, where everyone is open to surveillance at all times; where there are no secrets from government. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5995


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Edward Snowden: Privacy is not about something to hide. Privacy is about something to protect. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5996


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Paul Peel


Paul Peel (7 novembre 1860 - 3 octobre 1892) était un peintre figuratif canadien. Après avoir remporté une médaille au Salon de Paris de 1890, il est devenu l'un des premiers artistes canadiens à être reconnu internationalement de son vivant.

Peel est né à London, au Canada-Ouest, et a reçu sa formation artistique de son père dès son plus jeune âge. Sa sœur Mildred Peel était également artiste. Plus tard, il a étudié avec William Lees Judson et à l'Académie des beaux-arts de Pennsylvanie avec Thomas Eakins (1877-1880)[2]. [Comme les autres diplômés de l'Académie des beaux-arts de Pennsylvanie et les élèves d'Eakins, Paul adhère à une méthode tonale de rendu de la lumière naturelle en extérieur.

Il s'installe à Paris en 1881, où il étudie à l'École nationale supérieure des Arts décoratifs, puis entre dans l'atelier de Jean-Léon Gérôme à l'École des Beaux-Arts. C'est sur la recommandation de Gérôme qu'il commence à dessiner en plein air.

Il étudie ensuite avec Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant dans son atelier privé, puis avec lui à l'Académie Julian ainsi qu'avec Henri Doucet et Jules Lefebvre (1877-1890 En 1883, il expose son premier tableau au Salon de Paris, où il continuera à exposer régulièrement jusqu'en 1892. Ses tableaux ont une qualité conservatrice, mais quelques œuvres plus tardives révèlent qu'il s'est converti à la couleur et à la lumière impressionnistes.

En 1882, il épouse Isaure Verdier. Ils ont deux enfants : un fils (Robert Andre, en 1886) et une fille (Emilie Marguerite, en 1888).

Peel voyage beaucoup au Canada et en Europe, expose en tant que membre de l'Ontario Society of Artists et de l'Académie royale des arts du Canada, et participe à des expositions internationales comme le Salon de Paris, où il remporte une médaille de bronze en 1890 pour son tableau After the Bath. [Il est connu pour ses nus souvent sentimentaux et pour ses tableaux sur le charme des enfants. L'enfance devient effectivement la « marque » de l'artiste avec le succès public de Après le bain. Il est aussi l'un des premiers peintres canadiens à explorer le nu comme sujet.

Il contracte une infection pulmonaire et meurt dans son sommeil, à Paris, en France, à l'âge de 31 ans.

La maison de son enfance est l'une des nombreuses attractions du Fanshawe Pioneer Village à London, en Ontario.

Lors de la vente aux enchères Cowley Abbott du 8 juin 2023, Artwork from an Important Private Collection - Part II, The Young Gleaner (1888), huile sur toile, 33 x 23,25 ins (83,8 x 59,1 cm), Estimation de la vente: 150000,00$ - 200000,00$, a réalisé un prix de 408000,00$.



Patrice Lumumba: I would rather die with my head high, my faith unshaken, and a profound trust in the destiny of my people than live in slavery. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5997


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).




C'est une ancienne photo d'un coq heureux a la ferme.

in reply to Loli

@Loli J'ai quand même ouvert un verrou. Tu peux dès lors t'abonner automatiquement (pas besoin de mon accord).
@Loli


Daniel Dennett: There’s simply no polite way to tell people they’ve dedicated their lives to an illusion. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5998


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).






Frans Verhas


Frans Verhas ou François Louis Verhas, né le 29 septembre 1827 à Termonde et mort le 17 novembre 1897 à Schaerbeek est un peintre belge, connu pour ses portraits et scènes de genre de femmes et d'enfants dans des maisons bourgeoises luxueuses. Ses compositions de salons intérieurs sont caractérisées par leur abondance et l'affichage d'une large gamme de textures, comme les tapisseries, les satins, les fourrures, les marbres et les métaux. Frans Verhas peignit également des animaux, des peintures d'histoire et des natures mortes.

Frans (François Louis) Verhas naît à Termonde en 1827. Il est le fils d'Emmanuel François Verhas, peintre et de Jeanne Marie Van Keer. Son père est depuis 1820 et pendant vingt ans professeur à l'Académie royale des beaux-arts d'Anvers. Frans reçoit sa première formation artistique de son père en compagnie de son frère cadet Jan (ou Jan Frans). Son frère devient un artiste très réussi et acclamé.

Verhas étudie d'abord à l'Académie des beaux-arts dans sa ville natale Termonde, puis à l'Académie royale des beaux arts d'Anvers. L'un de ses professeurs à l'Académie d'Anvers est Nicaise de Keyser, un peintre d'histoire et de portraits, et l'une des principales figures du romantisme belge. Verhas s'établit à Schaerbeek en 18676.

À la fin des années 1870 et dans les années 1880, Frans Verhas travaille pendant diverses périodes à Paris. Il est un ami de l'auteur français Arsène Houssaye, pour qui il réalise des fresques décoratives dans sa résidence de l'avenue de Friedland à Paris7. Le programme décoratif se compose de pastiches des maîtres flamands et vénitiens6.

Frans Verhas meurt le 17 novembre 1897 à Schaerbeek.

Frans Verhas est connu pour ses portraits de femmes et ses scènes de genre situées dans des maisons bourgeoises luxueuses. Il peint également des animaux, quelques peintures d'histoire et des natures mortes. Il crée quelques fresques représentant des thèmes historiques au cours de ses séjours à Paris dans les années 1870 et 1880.

Les principaux sujets et le style de sa peinture sont influencés par le peintre belge Alfred Stevens, qui avait fait sa carrière comme peintre des femmes élégantes de Paris. Lui et son frère Jan Verhas sont connus pour leurs peintures de petites scènes de famille représentant le joyeux brouhaha des filles et des garçons avec leur peaux nacrées et expressions faciales contrôlées. D'autres artistes belges, également disciples d'Alfred Stevens, comprennent Gustave Léonard de Jonghe et Charles Baugniet. Comme Frans Verhas, ils évoquent la vision de la femme parée et la peignent dans sa coquetterie et sa séduction, comme une idole adulée.

Les compositions de Verhas traitent avec une extrême précision les intérieurs luxueux, qui sont enrichis par des satins, des gobelins, des peaux d'animaux et des marbres encadrant les crinolines élégantes portées par les femmes. Verhas est particulièrement habile dans le rendu de la texture des différents matériaux précieux.

Verhas reçoit également diverses commissions afin de réaliser des peintures religieuses pour les églises de sa ville natale et des peintures historiques pour l'hôtel de ville de Termonde. Ses peintures d'histoire traitent leurs sujets avec un puissant réalisme.



Wilfred G. Burchett: From the first days of the New Year it became clear that Truman had decided to back (Syngman) Rhee’s plan and to use Korea as the starting point for a third World War. On January 11, 1950, Ambassador Chang Myun was able to report from Washington that he could give some 'encouraging news' from a top-level confidential source in Washington. 'I am informed,' he wrote, 'that the State Department and Pentagon are planning a firm stand with respect to United States oriental policy. In this anti-Communist plan; Korea will occupy an important position. I have every hope that we will get much more help, militarily speaking as a result. I have had word from a confidential source in the State Department that President Truman will sign very soon, authorization that will grant permission for armament for Korean ships and planes... https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote5999


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Emma Goldman: I feel sure that the police are helping us more than I could do in ten years. They are making more anarchists than the most prominent people connected with the anarchist cause could make in ten years. If they will only continue I shall be very grateful; they will save me lots of work. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote6000


Quotes

  • Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
  • Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
  • George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
  • Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
  • Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
  • Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
  • Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
  • Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
  • George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
  • Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
  • James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
  • Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
  • Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
  • Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
  • Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
  • Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
  • Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
  • Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
  • Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
  • Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
  • Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
  • Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
  • Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
  • Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
  • Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
  • Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
  • Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
  • Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
  • Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
  • Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).





Hans Andersen Brendekilde


Hans Andersen Brendekilde (7 avril 1857 - 30 mars 1942) était un peintre danois.

Brendekilde a grandi à Braendekilde, un petit village proche d'Odense, sur l'île de Funen. Il était un parent éloigné de Hans Christian Andersen, le célèbre auteur de contes de fées, et comme lui, il a eu une enfance très pauvre. Les pères de l'un et l'autre étaient sabotiers. À l'âge de 4 ans, Brendekilde quitta ses parents et vécut avec ses grands-parents jusqu'à l'âge de 10 ans, où il gagna sa vie comme berger, en étant logé et nourri. À l'école, un professeur découvre son aptitude à sculpter des animaux en bois et, de 1871 à 1874, il entre en apprentissage chez Wilhelm Hansen, sculpteur sur bois et tailleur de pierre, à Odense. En 1877, il reçoit une formation de peintre en fleurs auprès de O.A. Hermansen et, la même année, il est admis à l'Académie royale danoise des beaux-arts de Copenhague. Ses professeurs étaient les sculpteurs Jens Adolf Jerichau et Harald Conradsen (1817-1905). À l'académie, il se fait de nombreux amis qui resteront fidèles jusqu'à la fin de leur vie. En 1881, il quitte l'académie avec distinction. Bien qu'ayant reçu une formation de sculpteur, il se lance immédiatement dans la peinture. Brendekilde et L.A. Ring sont les premiers peintres danois à avoir grandi parmi les pauvres de la campagne et à avoir dépeint les véritables conditions de vie dans le Danemark rural entre 1880 et 1920. Ce sont des peintres socialistes réalistes de plein air, qui représentent des gens pauvres travaillant dans les champs ou dans leurs maisons, et qui montrent les aspects tragiques de la vie. En ce sens, ils appartiennent à ce que l'on appelle la « percée moderne » ou plutôt la « percée populaire ». Les auteurs Henrik Pontoppidan (prix Nobel de littérature 1917) et Jens Peter Jacobsen sont, entre autres, des représentants de la percée moderne au Danemark. Martin Andersen Nexø, l'ami de Brendekilde, représente la percée populaire en littérature.

L'influence de Brendekilde était grande non seulement sur la société, mais aussi sur ses nombreux amis peintres et potiers. Parmi les peintres, c'est surtout L.A. Ring qui a eu de l'influence. Au cours de leurs années de jeunesse et de pauvreté, ils ont partagé leur chambre et leur atelier à Copenhague pendant certaines périodes. Ils peignaient des thèmes similaires, portaient tous deux le nom de famille Andersen et étaient donc souvent confondus l'un avec l'autre, si bien qu'en 1884, ils changèrent leurs noms de famille Andersen pour les noms de leurs villages natals, Brendekilde et Ring. Brendekilde était toujours de bonne humeur, s'attachait à peindre la vie des petits villages et était en outre une ardente socialiste. Ring était d'un tempérament plus dépressif et Brendekilde l'a encouragé à continuer à peindre et à participer à des expositions. Brendekilde a également présenté Ring à Lars Ebbesen, qui possédait une ferme « Petersminde » à « Raagelund », près d'Odense. En 1883, Ring vivait dans une extrême pauvreté à Copenhague, mais la rencontre avec Lars Ebbesen lui a permis de vivre et de peindre sans se soucier du coût du loyer et de la nourriture pendant de longues périodes. Brendekilde et Ring sont restés amis toute leur vie avec le propriétaire de la ferme Ebbesen Plusieurs des peintures de Brendekilde sont devenues très célèbres et ont remporté des médailles, par exemple lors des expositions universelles de Paris en 1889, de Chicago en 1893 et lors de la « Jahresausstellung » im Glaspalast à Munich en 1891. Il a également inspiré des peintres comme ses amis Julius Paulsen, Peder Mønsted, Hans Smidth, Paul Fischer, Søren Lund [da] et H. P. Carlsen.

Brendekilde est le premier peintre à avoir introduit le mouvement de l'art et de l'artisanat au Danemark lorsqu'à partir de 1884 environ, il a conçu et réalisé des cadres intégrés autour de ses peintures, les cadres faisant partie des peintures et de leur histoire. Certains cadres étaient symboliques, d'autres plus ornementaux.

Nombre de ses peintures sont manifestement liées à celles d'Anna et Michael Ancher, de P.S. Krøyer et des peintres suédois Carl Larsson et Anders Zorn. Tous ces peintres ont présenté leurs œuvres aux expositions internationales de Copenhague en 1888, de Paris en 1889, de Munich en 1891 et de Chicago en 1893.

Brendekilde a illustré certains romans d'Henrik Pontoppidan. Pontoppidan a utilisé Brendekilde comme modèle pour le peintre Jørgen Hallager - un socialiste et un héros - dans son célèbre roman Nattevagt (La Garde de nuit ; 1894). Henrik Pontoppidan a immédiatement compris que Worn Out était un tableau encourageant la révolution. La raison en est que la femme n'a pas de larmes dans ses yeux grands ouverts, qu'elle porte un pull-over rouge des plus inhabituels et que ses cheveux rouges symbolisent le sang et le cri d'un avenir meilleur. Dans ce roman, Henrik Pontoppidan a interprété le mort de Worn Out comme un martyr. Brendekilde a également illustré le livre Nissen (1889) de Vilhelm Bergsøe. Il est considéré comme le premier artiste travaillant le verre au Danemark, réalisant des décorations et des formes pour la verrerie de Funen à Odense de 1901 à 1904. Il est également le premier artiste à travailler pour la célèbre poterie de Herman A. Kähler de 1885 à 1907. Il a présenté plusieurs amis à Kähler et ils ont continué à travailler à la poterie pendant des années. Parmi eux, Carl Ove Julian Lund (1857-1936), qui a apporté d'importantes contributions au domaine de la céramique. Lund et Brendekilde ont également présenté leur ami commun, Karl Hansen Reistrup (1863-1929), qui est devenu le plus important et le plus productif de tous les potiers célèbres. L'introduction de L.A. Ring, qui a épousé Sigrid, la fille de Kähler, n'était pas essentielle à la production de céramiques, mais très importante pour la famille et son histoire, qu'il a dépeinte à de nombreuses occasions.

En plus d'être un peintre réaliste social, Brendekilde a également peint des portraits. En outre, il est l'un des rares peintres impressionnistes du Danemark. Plus tard dans sa vie, il est devenu de plus en plus sensible aux aspects idylliques de la vie à la campagne, en peignant des gens, des enfants et des fleurs. Il a construit une grande maison à Jyllinge et a cultivé plus de 3 000 espèces de fleurs dans son célèbre jardin, qui rappelle à bien des égards le jardin de Claude Monet à Giverny.

Brendekilde est mort le 30 mars 1942 à Jyllinge.

Au 21e siècle, Brendekilde a fait l'objet d'études intensives dans le système scolaire danois et a notamment inspiré des peintres néo-réalistes comme Søren Hagen, Ulrik Møller, Søren Martinsen et Allan Otte. Leurs peintures dépeignent les aspects problématiques de l'agriculture et de la vie rurale d'aujourd'hui. Les peintures de Brendekilde sont discutées et reproduites dans plusieurs ouvrages importants sur l'histoire de la culture danoise. Ses peintures de fleurs et d'animaux figurent parmi les meilleurs tableaux illustrant la corrélation matérielle et spirituelle entre la végétation, les animaux et les Danois. Il est considéré comme un remarquable peintre d'enfants.




William Bouguereau


William Bouguereau, né le 30 novembre 1825 à La Rochelle où il est mort le 19 août 1905, est un peintre français.

Il est un des représentants majeurs de la peinture académique française de la fin du XIXe siècle.

Adolphe Williams Bouguereau est le fils d'un négociant en vins de Bordeaux. Sa famille, de confession catholique, a des origines anglaises.

Il apprend le dessin à l'école municipale de dessins et de peintures de Bordeaux. En 1846, il entre à l'École des beaux-arts de Paris dans l'atelier de François Édouard Picot, sur la recommandation de J. P. Allaux. Il remporte le second prix de Rome, ex æquo avec Gustave Boulanger, pour sa peinture Saint Pierre après sa délivrance de prison vient retrouver les fidèles chez Marie (1848).

Il remporte le premier prix de Rome en 1850 avec Zénobie retrouvée par les bergers sur les bords de l'Araxe.

En 1866, le marchand de tableaux Paul Durand-Ruel s'occupe de sa carrière et permet à l'artiste de vendre plusieurs toiles à des clients privés. Il a ainsi énormément de succès auprès d'acheteurs américains, au point qu'en 1878, lors de la première rétrospective de sa peinture pour l'Exposition universelle à Paris, l'État ne peut rassembler que douze œuvres, le reste de sa production étant localisée aux États-Unis. Il passe aussi un contrat avec la maison d'édition Goupil pour la commercialisation de reproductions en gravure de ses œuvres. En 1876, il devient membre de l'Académie des beaux-arts.

En 1866, il se marie avec son modèle, Marie-Nelly Monchablon, avec qui il vit déjà depuis plusieurs années et que l'on peut retrouver sur nombre de ses tableaux depuis les années 18564. Le couple a déjà trois enfants, nés avant leur mariage : Henriette née en 1857, Georges William né en 1859, et Jeanne née en 1861 et qui meurt à l'âge de cinq ans. Deux autres enfants naissent après leur mariage : Paul en 1868 et William Maurice en 1876. Ce dernier meurt huit mois après sa naissance, suivi de près par sa mère, qui s'éteint en 1877. Ils étaient tous deux atteints par la tuberculose et leur mort éprouve durablement Bouguereau.

En 1885, il est élu président de la Fondation Taylor, fonction qu'il occupera jusqu'à la fin de sa vie. La même année, il obtient la médaille d'honneur au Salon.

Professeur en 1888 à l'École des beaux-arts de Paris et à l’Académie Julian, ses peintures de genre, réalistes ou sur des thèmes mythologiques, sont exposées annuellement au Salon pendant toute la durée de sa carrière. Il travaille aussi à de grands travaux de décoration, notamment pour l'hôtel de François Bartholoni, et peint aussi le plafond du Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux.

En 1896, Bouguereau épouse en deuxièmes noces une de ses élèves, la peintre Elizabeth Jane Gardner. Le peintre use de son influence pour permettre l'accès des femmes à beaucoup d'institutions artistiques en France.

L'appartement d'Elizabeth Jane Gardner se trouve dans la même rue que la famille de William Bouguereau, au no 75 rue Notre-Dame des Champs. Peu de temps après la mort de Nelly Monchablon, Bouguereau souhaite épouser Elizabeth Gardner, une élève qu'il connaît depuis dix ans, mais sa mère s'y oppose ainsi que sa fille. Elizabeth Gardner fait jurer à Bouguereau qu'il ne se remarierait pas du vivant de celle-ci. Ils se fiancent en 1879. Après la mort de sa mère et après dix-neuf ans de fiançailles, ils se marient à Paris en juin 1896. Ils passent leurs étés à La Rochelle8 et resteront ensemble jusqu'à la mort de celui-ci.

Son fils, Georges William, âgé de 15 ans, en villégiature à Écouen, meurt chez Guillaume Seignac le 19 juillet 1875. Son autre fils Paul meurt en 1900.

William Bouguereau meurt le 19 août 1905 à La Rochelle en son hôtel particulier, ne laissant comme descendance que sa fille aînée, Henriette, mariée en 1880 à un M. Vincens et morte en 1953. Le peintre est inhumé à Paris au cimetière du Montparnasse (12e division), au côté de sa première épouse.

Son thème de prédilection est la représentation du corps féminin. Avec Alexandre Cabanel, Jules Lefebvre et Jean-Léon Gérôme, il est associé au genre du nu académique. Sa Naissance de Vénus (1879, Paris, musée d'Orsay) est emblématique d'une peinture sensuelle profondément influencée par les Vénus d'Ingres. C'est avec ce genre qu'il connaît le plus de succès mais rencontre aussi le plus de critiques. À cause de la texture lisse et minutieuse de sa peinture, Joris-Karl Huysmans dit à son encontre: «Ce n'est même plus de la porcelaine, c'est du léché flasque ; c’est je ne sais quoi, quelque chose comme de la chair molle de poulpe». Le peintre impressionniste Edgar Degas invente le verbe «bouguereauter» pour désigner ironiquement l'action de fondre et de lisser le rendu pictural de cette manière.

Après le deuil qu'il subit en 1877, il se tourne davantage vers la peinture religieuse et délaisse peu à peu les thèmes en rapport avec l'Antiquité de ses débuts.

Il représente également de nombreuses fois des portraits d'enfants à partir de 1870. Il peint sa fille Henriette et son fils Paul dans le tableau La Sœur aînée en 1869. Lorsqu'il se trouve à La Rochelle à partir de 1893, il prend pour modèles récurrents trois fillettes habitant près de La Rochelle: Yvonne et ses sœurs Jeanne et Marguerite. On retrouve Yvonne dans un grand nombre de mises en scènes intimistes ou champêtres, la plupart vendus aux amateurs américains dont Le Livre de prix, devenu invisible depuis 1916, qui réapparaît dans une vente chez Sotheby's à New York en 2019, où il atteint le prix de 1275000 dollars, confirmant le regain d'intérêt pour les œuvres de Bouguereau.

Déconsidéré en Europe peu après sa mort et jusque vers la fin du XXe siècle, son œuvre y est redécouverte tardivement. De son vivant, les toiles de Bouguereau sont très recherchées par les collectionneurs américains qui les achètent à des prix élevés, de sorte qu'une grande partie de son œuvre a quitté la France.
Dante et Virgile (1850), Paris, musée d'Orsay.

Dans le contexte du XXe siècle, où l'influence du modernisme grandit en histoire de l'art pour en devenir finalement le courant officiel, l'art académique se trouve discrédité et dévalué, sévèrement critiqué par une pensée moderniste favorable à l'art d'avant-garde et mis à l'index. Les artistes académiques comme Bouguereau connaissent alors une dévaluation très significative. Pendant des décennies, le nom du peintre a même fréquemment disparu des encyclopédies généralistes et des enseignements artistiques ou est simplement mentionné comme celui d'un exemple à ne pas suivre, objet de moqueries - souvent appuyées sur des citations de Zola ou de Huysmans - et entaché par des rumeurs diffamantes. On reproche au peintre sa participation aux jurys des salons officiels de peinture du XIXe siècle, qui se sont majoritairement opposés à l'admission des œuvres relevant des mouvements modernes de la peinture (Cézanne surnommait le Salon: «le Salon de Bouguereau»). Il a néanmoins influencé des peintres comme Fritz Zuber-Bühler.

À partir des années 1950, le surréaliste Salvador Dalí manifeste son admiration pour l'art de Bouguereau, qu'il oppose à Pablo Picasso, et contribue à sa redécouverte. Dans Les Cocus du vieil art moderne, volontiers adepte d'une rhétorique paradoxale, Dali écrit: «Picasso, qui a peur de tout, fabriquait du laid par peur de Bouguereau. Mais, lui, à la différence des autres, en fabriquait exprès, cocufiant ainsi ces critiques dithyrambiques qui prétendaient retrouver la beauté».

Depuis l'exposition rétrospective de ses œuvres organisée au Petit Palais à Paris en 1984, la réputation de Bouguereau s'est progressivement améliorée, sur fond de controverse entre partisans et opposants au retour en grâce de la peinture académique. Ainsi, à l'ouverture du musée d'Orsay à Paris en 1986, l'exposition d'œuvres académiques est sévèrement critiquée par une majorité de critiques d'art. En 2001, Fred Ross, président du Art Renewal Center qui promeut la réhabilitation de Bouguereau, fustige ce qu'il estime être une «propagande» du modernisme ayant conduit, selon lui, au «système de pensée le plus oppressif et restrictif de toute l'histoire de l'art». Il édite un catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre peint de Bouguereau rédigé par Damien Bartoli.

En 2006-2007 a lieu au Philbrook Museum of Art de Tulsa une exposition consacrée au peintre et à ses élèves américains. La cote élevée de ses peintures témoigne du regain d'intérêt des collectionneurs d'art pour son œuvre et du goût du public pour ses peintures dans les musées.

En 2019, le Milwaukee Art Museum à Milwaukee a organisé une exposition de plus de quarante tableaux de Bouguereau, intitulée Bouguereau & America. Cette exposition doit ensuite se déplacer à Memphis au Memphis Brooks Museum of Art, puis à San Diego au San Diego Museum of Art.




Charles Joshua Chaplin


Charles Joshua Chaplin (8 juin 1825 - 30 janvier 1891) est un peintre et graveur français qui a peint des paysages et des portraits. Il a utilisé des techniques telles que le pastel, la lithographie, l'aquarelle, la craie, la peinture à l'huile et la gravure. Il est surtout connu pour ses portraits élégants de jeunes femmes.

Charles Joshua Chaplin est né le 8 juin 1825 aux Andelys, Eure, France. Sa mère, Olympia Adelle Moisy, était française, tandis que son père, John Chaplin, était un courtier en art originaire d'Angleterre. Charles Chaplin a passé toute sa vie en France, dont il a été naturalisé en 1886. Il étudie à l'École des Beaux-Arts de Paris à partir de 1840 et prend des cours particuliers dans l'atelier de Michel Martin Drolling, qui compte parmi ses apprentis Paul Baudry, Jules Breton et Jean-Jacques Henner. Plus tard, il enseigne également à l'École des Beaux-Arts.

En 1845, il participe au Salon de Paris, l'exposition officielle de l'Académie des Beaux-Arts, en tant que portraitiste et paysagiste avec le tableau Portrait de la mère de l'artiste. Dans son atelier, Chaplin donnait des cours d'art spécialement destinés aux femmes, dont Marie Joséphine Nicolas. L'artiste américaine Mary Cassatt, l'artiste française Louise Abbéma et l'artiste anglaise Louise Jopling comptent parmi les élèves de Chaplin. Son fils Arthur Chaplin était également peintre. Chaplin est mort le 30 janvier 1891, à l'âge de 65 ans, à Paris, en homme riche. Il est enterré au cimetière du Père Lachaise.

Chaplin fait ses débuts au Salon avec des portraits, mais il peint également des paysages, en particulier la campagne auvergnate. Ses premières œuvres, de 1848 à 1851, sont peintes d'une manière caractérisée par un intérêt pour le réalisme, un style établi dans la Seconde République française, qui avait pour devise Liberté, égalité, fraternité, et qui a été gouvernée pendant trois ans par le gouvernement républicain de la France, de la révolution de 1848 jusqu'au coup d'État de 1851 de Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte. Le réalisme est un mouvement artistique qui a vu le jour en France dans les années 1850, après la révolution de 1848. À partir de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, le romantisme a dominé l'art et la littérature français, mais il a été rejeté par les réalistes, qui se sont révoltés contre l'étalage des émotions du mouvement romantique, cherchant à dépeindre des individus et des situations contemporains réels et caractéristiques avec vérité et précision[6].

Chaplin peint de nombreuses œuvres à ses débuts, notamment des études florales qui sont exposées au Salon de las Flores. Plus tard, à la fin des années 1850, il abandonne le naturalisme, son premier style, pour une technique plus gracieuse, élégante et souple qui lui a valu une certaine notoriété en France à l'époque où il était portraitiste ; il adopte alors le style idyllique, voluptueux et à la mode de l'éminent peintre français François Boucher (1703-1770).

Il adopte également la tradition des grands portraitistes anglais. Il a développé son propre style de peinture tout en s'inspirant des peintres britanniques Joshua Reynolds et Thomas Gainsborough. Il gravait les œuvres de l'artiste hollandais Pieter Paul Rubens et s'est inspiré de son travail.

Progressivement, les couleurs boueuses utilisées par Chaplin se transforment en blanc, gris et rose, représentant ses modèles avec un teint opalescent et nacré en appliquant une palette subtile de tons chair rosés et de gris clairs. Après avoir peint des portraits et s'être essayé à la peinture ornementale, Chaplin se lance dans la peinture de genre dans les années 1850. Ses sujets de prédilection sont la grâce féminine de la vie quotidienne d'une jeune femme. Il représente les femmes dans plusieurs poses: au repos, en train de faire leur toilette, en train de chanter et en train de lire. Il les saisit avec légèreté et insouciance et accentue les éléments décoratifs de la composition.

L'impératrice Eugénie, épouse de Napoléon III et admiratrice du « style Pompadour », tombe rapidement sous le charme des œuvres néo-rococo du peintre. Chaplin fait partie des artistes de cour préférés de Napoléon III et de l'impératrice Eugénie. En 1859, lorsque son portrait d'Aurore est interdit par les juges du Salon parce qu'il est « trop érotiquement suggestif », Napoléon III prend la défense de Chaplin et annule la décision de disqualification[8]. Il est également apprécié en tant que décorateur d'intérieur et est chargé de remodeler le décor des chambres de l'impératrice Eugénie.

Ses portraits sensuels de femmes et de jeunes filles, souvent avec des modèles posés de manière érotique dans des environnements flous et portant fréquemment des vêtements transparents, attirent l'intérêt de la haute société et de l'aristocratie de Paris pendant la Troisième République française (1870-1940), ce qui garantit son succès et sa richesse. Il fut l'un des peintres les plus populaires de son époque, mais son œuvre est aujourd'hui presque inconnue, bien qu'elle soit exposée dans de nombreux grands musées à travers le monde.

Il a utilisé son style rococo pour ses scènes mythologiques et ses scènes de genre. Ses tableaux de genre constituent une part importante de son œuvre. En 1861, il travaille comme peintre décorateur. Chaplin peint les portes et plusieurs panneaux de verre au-dessus des portes du salon des Fleurs du palais des Tuileries. Le palais est ravagé par un incendie en 1871 et ses ruines sont rapidement démolies. Il entreprend également des travaux de décoration dans le salon de l'Hémicycle du palais de l'Élysée.

En tant que membre de l'Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, Chaplin exposait ses peintures au Salon de Paris, lieu d'exposition officiel des œuvres des membres. Il commence à exposer ses peintures au Salon des artistes français en 1845 et y est représenté chaque année de manière habituelle. Ces expositions font de lui l'un des portraitistes les plus célèbres de France. À partir de 1847, ses œuvres sont exposées régulièrement à la Royal Academy de Londres.

De son vivant, il est salué pour ses talents artistiques par l'attribution de plusieurs médailles: une médaille de troisième classe en 1851, une médaille de deuxième classe l'année suivante et une médaille d'honneur en 1865. Il est déclaré Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur en 1879, également connu sous le nom d'Ordre national de la Légion d'Honneur. Chaplin est élevé au rang d'Officier en 1881.

Le talent artistique de Chaplin est admiré par des écrivains, des peintres et des critiques renommés tels qu'Arsène Houssaye, Émile Zola et Théophile Gautier. Édouard Manet estimait que Chaplin connaissait «le sourire de la femme». Ce sont ses portraits de jeunes femmes qui lui ont valu un succès particulier.

Ses œuvres sont visibles dans les musées français de Bordeaux, Bayonne, Bourges, Mulhouse, Paris, Reims, Rouen, Saintes (Charente-Maritime) et au Cabinet d'art graphique du musée du Louvre. À l'étranger, ses œuvres se trouvent au musée de l'Ermitage, à Saint-Pétersbourg, au Metropolitan Museum of Art, aux Harvard Art Museums dans le Massachusetts et au Indianapolis Museum of Art dans l'Indiana. Chaplin possède plusieurs tableaux dans une collection publique au Royaume-Uni, au Bowes Museum.

L'une des peintures de Chaplin a été vendue aux enchères à Paris le 5 juin 1922. Décrite par le commissaire-priseur comme une peinture de paysage de Charles Chaplin, elle a atteint un prix étonnamment élevé pour un artiste considéré comme «tombé dans l'oubli». La plupart des enchérisseurs ont cru à tort qu'il s'agissait d'une œuvre d'art de l'humoriste et acteur Charlie Chaplin et pensaient acquérir une trouvaille remarquable, comme l'a rapporté le New York Times: «On peut imaginer la déception de l'acheteur final lorsqu'il a découvert que le tableau était l'œuvre d'un artiste presque oublié».