William Bouguereau
William Bouguereau, né le 30 novembre 1825 à La Rochelle où il est mort le 19 août 1905, est un peintre français.
Il est un des représentants majeurs de la peinture académique française de la fin du XIXe siècle.
Adolphe Williams Bouguereau est le fils d'un négociant en vins de Bordeaux. Sa famille, de confession catholique, a des origines anglaises.
Il apprend le dessin à l'école municipale de dessins et de peintures de Bordeaux. En 1846, il entre à l'École des beaux-arts de Paris dans l'atelier de François Édouard Picot, sur la recommandation de J. P. Allaux. Il remporte le second prix de Rome, ex æquo avec Gustave Boulanger, pour sa peinture Saint Pierre après sa délivrance de prison vient retrouver les fidèles chez Marie (1848).
Il remporte le premier prix de Rome en 1850 avec Zénobie retrouvée par les bergers sur les bords de l'Araxe.
En 1866, le marchand de tableaux Paul Durand-Ruel s'occupe de sa carrière et permet à l'artiste de vendre plusieurs toiles à des clients privés. Il a ainsi énormément de succès auprès d'acheteurs américains, au point qu'en 1878, lors de la première rétrospective de sa peinture pour l'Exposition universelle à Paris, l'État ne peut rassembler que douze œuvres, le reste de sa production étant localisée aux États-Unis. Il passe aussi un contrat avec la maison d'édition Goupil pour la commercialisation de reproductions en gravure de ses œuvres. En 1876, il devient membre de l'Académie des beaux-arts.
En 1866, il se marie avec son modèle, Marie-Nelly Monchablon, avec qui il vit déjà depuis plusieurs années et que l'on peut retrouver sur nombre de ses tableaux depuis les années 18564. Le couple a déjà trois enfants, nés avant leur mariage : Henriette née en 1857, Georges William né en 1859, et Jeanne née en 1861 et qui meurt à l'âge de cinq ans. Deux autres enfants naissent après leur mariage : Paul en 1868 et William Maurice en 1876. Ce dernier meurt huit mois après sa naissance, suivi de près par sa mère, qui s'éteint en 1877. Ils étaient tous deux atteints par la tuberculose et leur mort éprouve durablement Bouguereau.
En 1885, il est élu président de la Fondation Taylor, fonction qu'il occupera jusqu'à la fin de sa vie. La même année, il obtient la médaille d'honneur au Salon.
Professeur en 1888 à l'École des beaux-arts de Paris et à l’Académie Julian, ses peintures de genre, réalistes ou sur des thèmes mythologiques, sont exposées annuellement au Salon pendant toute la durée de sa carrière. Il travaille aussi à de grands travaux de décoration, notamment pour l'hôtel de François Bartholoni, et peint aussi le plafond du Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux.
En 1896, Bouguereau épouse en deuxièmes noces une de ses élèves, la peintre Elizabeth Jane Gardner. Le peintre use de son influence pour permettre l'accès des femmes à beaucoup d'institutions artistiques en France.
L'appartement d'Elizabeth Jane Gardner se trouve dans la même rue que la famille de William Bouguereau, au no 75 rue Notre-Dame des Champs. Peu de temps après la mort de Nelly Monchablon, Bouguereau souhaite épouser Elizabeth Gardner, une élève qu'il connaît depuis dix ans, mais sa mère s'y oppose ainsi que sa fille. Elizabeth Gardner fait jurer à Bouguereau qu'il ne se remarierait pas du vivant de celle-ci. Ils se fiancent en 1879. Après la mort de sa mère et après dix-neuf ans de fiançailles, ils se marient à Paris en juin 1896. Ils passent leurs étés à La Rochelle8 et resteront ensemble jusqu'à la mort de celui-ci.
Son fils, Georges William, âgé de 15 ans, en villégiature à Écouen, meurt chez Guillaume Seignac le 19 juillet 1875. Son autre fils Paul meurt en 1900.
William Bouguereau meurt le 19 août 1905 à La Rochelle en son hôtel particulier, ne laissant comme descendance que sa fille aînée, Henriette, mariée en 1880 à un M. Vincens et morte en 1953. Le peintre est inhumé à Paris au cimetière du Montparnasse (12e division), au côté de sa première épouse.
Son thème de prédilection est la représentation du corps féminin. Avec Alexandre Cabanel, Jules Lefebvre et Jean-Léon Gérôme, il est associé au genre du nu académique. Sa Naissance de Vénus (1879, Paris, musée d'Orsay) est emblématique d'une peinture sensuelle profondément influencée par les Vénus d'Ingres. C'est avec ce genre qu'il connaît le plus de succès mais rencontre aussi le plus de critiques. À cause de la texture lisse et minutieuse de sa peinture, Joris-Karl Huysmans dit à son encontre: «Ce n'est même plus de la porcelaine, c'est du léché flasque ; c’est je ne sais quoi, quelque chose comme de la chair molle de poulpe». Le peintre impressionniste Edgar Degas invente le verbe «bouguereauter» pour désigner ironiquement l'action de fondre et de lisser le rendu pictural de cette manière.
Après le deuil qu'il subit en 1877, il se tourne davantage vers la peinture religieuse et délaisse peu à peu les thèmes en rapport avec l'Antiquité de ses débuts.
Il représente également de nombreuses fois des portraits d'enfants à partir de 1870. Il peint sa fille Henriette et son fils Paul dans le tableau La Sœur aînée en 1869. Lorsqu'il se trouve à La Rochelle à partir de 1893, il prend pour modèles récurrents trois fillettes habitant près de La Rochelle: Yvonne et ses sœurs Jeanne et Marguerite. On retrouve Yvonne dans un grand nombre de mises en scènes intimistes ou champêtres, la plupart vendus aux amateurs américains dont Le Livre de prix, devenu invisible depuis 1916, qui réapparaît dans une vente chez Sotheby's à New York en 2019, où il atteint le prix de 1275000 dollars, confirmant le regain d'intérêt pour les œuvres de Bouguereau.
Déconsidéré en Europe peu après sa mort et jusque vers la fin du XXe siècle, son œuvre y est redécouverte tardivement. De son vivant, les toiles de Bouguereau sont très recherchées par les collectionneurs américains qui les achètent à des prix élevés, de sorte qu'une grande partie de son œuvre a quitté la France.
Dante et Virgile (1850), Paris, musée d'Orsay.
Dans le contexte du XXe siècle, où l'influence du modernisme grandit en histoire de l'art pour en devenir finalement le courant officiel, l'art académique se trouve discrédité et dévalué, sévèrement critiqué par une pensée moderniste favorable à l'art d'avant-garde et mis à l'index. Les artistes académiques comme Bouguereau connaissent alors une dévaluation très significative. Pendant des décennies, le nom du peintre a même fréquemment disparu des encyclopédies généralistes et des enseignements artistiques ou est simplement mentionné comme celui d'un exemple à ne pas suivre, objet de moqueries - souvent appuyées sur des citations de Zola ou de Huysmans - et entaché par des rumeurs diffamantes. On reproche au peintre sa participation aux jurys des salons officiels de peinture du XIXe siècle, qui se sont majoritairement opposés à l'admission des œuvres relevant des mouvements modernes de la peinture (Cézanne surnommait le Salon: «le Salon de Bouguereau»). Il a néanmoins influencé des peintres comme Fritz Zuber-Bühler.
À partir des années 1950, le surréaliste Salvador Dalí manifeste son admiration pour l'art de Bouguereau, qu'il oppose à Pablo Picasso, et contribue à sa redécouverte. Dans Les Cocus du vieil art moderne, volontiers adepte d'une rhétorique paradoxale, Dali écrit: «Picasso, qui a peur de tout, fabriquait du laid par peur de Bouguereau. Mais, lui, à la différence des autres, en fabriquait exprès, cocufiant ainsi ces critiques dithyrambiques qui prétendaient retrouver la beauté».
Depuis l'exposition rétrospective de ses œuvres organisée au Petit Palais à Paris en 1984, la réputation de Bouguereau s'est progressivement améliorée, sur fond de controverse entre partisans et opposants au retour en grâce de la peinture académique. Ainsi, à l'ouverture du musée d'Orsay à Paris en 1986, l'exposition d'œuvres académiques est sévèrement critiquée par une majorité de critiques d'art. En 2001, Fred Ross, président du Art Renewal Center qui promeut la réhabilitation de Bouguereau, fustige ce qu'il estime être une «propagande» du modernisme ayant conduit, selon lui, au «système de pensée le plus oppressif et restrictif de toute l'histoire de l'art». Il édite un catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre peint de Bouguereau rédigé par Damien Bartoli.
En 2006-2007 a lieu au Philbrook Museum of Art de Tulsa une exposition consacrée au peintre et à ses élèves américains. La cote élevée de ses peintures témoigne du regain d'intérêt des collectionneurs d'art pour son œuvre et du goût du public pour ses peintures dans les musées.
En 2019, le Milwaukee Art Museum à Milwaukee a organisé une exposition de plus de quarante tableaux de Bouguereau, intitulée Bouguereau & America. Cette exposition doit ensuite se déplacer à Memphis au Memphis Brooks Museum of Art, puis à San Diego au San Diego Museum of Art.
Voltairine De Cleyre: They must learn that their power does not lie in their voting strength, that their power lies in their ability to stop production. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote6001
Quotes
- Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
- Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
- George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
- Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
- Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
- Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
- Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
- Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
- Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
- Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
- George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
- Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
- James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
- Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
- Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
- Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
- Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
- Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
- Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
- Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
- Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
- Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
- Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
- Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
- Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
- Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
- Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
- Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
- Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
- Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
- Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
- Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).
Karl Marx: And so the Paris proletariat was confronted with an army, drawn from its own midst, of 24,000 young, strong, foolhardy men. it gave cheers for the Mobile Guard on its marches through Paris. It acknowledged it to be its foremost fighters on the barricades. It regarded it as the proletarian guard in contradistinction to the bourgeois National Guard. Its error was pardonable. Besides the Mobile Guard, the government decided to rally around itself an army of industrial workers. A hundred thousand workers, thrown on the streets by the crisis and the revolution, were enrolled by the Minister Marie in so-called national ateliers (workshops). Under this grandiose name was hidden nothing else than the employment of the workers on tedious, monotonous, unproductive earthworks at a wage of 23 sous. English workhouses in the open – that is what these national ateliers were. The Provisional Government believed that it had formed, in them, a second proletarian army against the workers themselves. This time the bourgeoisie was mistaken in the national ateliers, just as the workers were mistaken in the Mobile Guard. It had created an army for mutiny. https://wordsmith.social/protestation/quotes#quote6002
Quotes
- Lenin: Miraculous prophecy is a fairy-tale. But scientific prophecy is a fact.
- Noam Chomsky: See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.
- George Bernard Shaw: Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.
- Henry Kissinger: Control oil and you control nations; control food and you control the people.
- Fidel Castro: This position of the Trotskyists is the same which all newspapers and publicity agencies of Yankee imperialism adopted in relation to the cause of Comrade Ernesto Guevara. All the imperialist press of the United States, its news agencies, the Cuban counter-revolutionaries' press, the bourgeois press throughout the continent and the rest of the world - in other words, this campaign of slanders and intrigues against revolutionary Cuba in connection with the case of Comrade Guevara - coincided with precision with all imperialist bourgeois sectors, all the slanderers and all the conspirators against the Cuban revolution, for there is no doubt that only reaction and imperialism is interested in discrediting the Cuban revolution and in destroying the confidence of the revolutionary movements in the Cuban revolution, in destroying the confidence of the Latin American peoples in the Cuban revolution, in destroying their faith. Therefore, they have not hesitated to use the dirtiest and most indecent weapons.
- Fidel Castro: Even though at one time Trotskyism represented an erroneous position, but a position in the field of political ideas, Trotskyism became during the following years a vulgar instrument of imperialism and reaction.
- Fidel Castro: Yon Sosa led the movement of a group of armed officers in the crushing of whom the mercenaries who later invaded Playa Girón participated. Through a businessman who took charge of the movement's political aspects, the Fourth International fixed it up so that that leader, who was ignorant of the profound problems of politics and of the history of revolutionary thought, would permit that agents of Trotskyism, about whom we do not have the slightest doubt that he is an agent of imperialism, to publish a newspaper which copies outright the program of the Fourth International. By doing this, the Fourth International committed a real crime against the revolutionary movement to isolate it from the rest of the people, to isolate it from the masses, when it contaminated it with the stupidities, the discredit, and the repugnant thing which Trotskyism today is in the field of politics.
- Martin Luther King, Jr.: So today capitalism has out-lived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes.
- Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: It is the beginning of the end.
- Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord: Financiers flourish only when nations decline.
- George Friedman: The primordial interest of the United States, over which for centuries we have fought wars– the First, the Second and Cold Wars– has been the relationship between Germany and Russia, because united there, they’re the only force that could threaten us. And to make sure that that doesn’t happen.
- Lenin: Prompted by fear of revolution, the old state power, which is independent of the people and is a power over the people, promises the people that it will ensure their freedom. But its promises remain unfulfilled; they cannot be fulfilled.
- James Connolly: If you remove the English army tomorrow and hoist the green flag over Dublin Castle, unless you set about the organisation of the Socialist Republic, your efforts would be in vain.
- Lenin: There are moments in history when a desperate struggle of the masses, even for a hopeless cause, is essential for the further schooling of these masses and their training for the next struggle.
- Kim Il Sung: Our ideal is to build a society where everyone is well fed, well clothed, and lives a long life, a society where everybody is progressive and works devotedly, a society where all people live united in harmony as one big family.
- Michael Parenti: To make the world safe for those who own it, politically active elements of the owning class have created a national security state that expends billions of dollars and enlists the efforts of vast numbers of people.
- Edward Snowden: There is nothing more grotesque than a media pushing for war.
- Lenin: Practice is higher than (theoretical) knowledge, for it has not only the dignity of universality, but also of immediate actuality.
- Stalin: Only in the highest phase of communism will people, working in accordance with their capacity, receive recompense therefor in accordance with their needs: "From each according to his capacity, to each according to his needs."
- Stalin: All that Marxism declares is that until classes have been completely abolished, and until work has been transformed from being a means of maintaining existence, into a prime necessity of life, into voluntary labour performed for the benefit of society, people will continue to be paid for their labour in accordance with the amount of labour performed.
- Stalin: The October Revolution is neither the continuation nor the culmination of the Great French Revolution. The purpose of the French Revolution was to put an end to feudalism and establish capitalism. The aim of the October Revolution is to put an end to capitalism and to establish socialism.
- Lenin: We shall not achieve socialism without a struggle. But we are ready to fight, we have started it and we shall finish it with the aid of the apparatus called the Soviets.
- Gilbert Scott-Heron: The first revolution is when you change your mind.
- Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya: Solidarity among the male and female workers, a general cause, general goals, a general path to that goal - that is the solution to the "woman" question in the working-class environment.
- Lenin: No idea could be more erroneous or harmful than to separate foreign from home policy.
- Kim Jong-il: Introducing individualism into socialism, which is based entirely on collectivism, is tantamount to taking poison.
- Langston Hughes: Put one more S in the U.S.A. To make it Soviet.
- Lenin: There is a good Latin proverb which says: “It is natural for all men to err; but only a fool persists in his error.
- Lenin: A Marxist must take cognisance of real life, of the true facts of reality, and not cling to a theory of yesterday, which, like all theories, at best only outlines the main and the general, only comes near to embracing life in all its complexity.
- Kim Il Sung: It can be said that the life of a revolutionary begins by going among the masses and that it is over when he parts from them.
- Lenin: Deafened by liberal catch-phrases, people in our country are apt to overlook the actual class stand of the liberal party’s real bosses.
- Lenin: The proletariat’s struggle against the bourgeoisie, which finds expression in a variety of forms ever richer in content, inevitably becomes a political struggle directed towards the conquest of political power by the proletariat (“the dictatorship of the proletariat”).
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Le drame de notre temps, c'est que la bêtise se soit mise à penser.
Citation jamais sourcée, très probablement apocryphe, qui semble être apparue dans deux ouvrages de 1967.
Le vrai drame de notre temps, c'est que le mensonge se répète même après correction.
Voici, peut-être, l'origine de cette citation extraite de "Lettre aux Américains" de Jean Cocteau (1949):
Chacun pense chez nous. Même la bêtise pense. Tout le monde occupe la scène. Peu de monde occupe la salle et il est rare que notre public ne décrète pas qu'il pourrait faire bien mieux que nous. Mais cette étonnante indiscipline offre des avantages. La France actuellement est un des seuls pays où la foule puisse faire le succès d'une pièce parce que les journalistes la condamnent. Personne ne croit personne et j'ose dire que l'esprit de contradiction porté à cet extrême pousse la foule à prendre le contrepied des conseils qu'on lui donne et à applaudir contre les siffleurs.
|Le drame de notre temps, c'est que la bêtise se soit mise à penser.|
Il est hélas devenu évident aujourd'hui que notre technologie a dépassé notre humanité.
Cette citation est apocryphe. Elle est probablement dérivée des mots écrits par Victor Salva, auteur du scénario de Powder (1995). Les films sont une source importante de citations apocryphes.
Merci à Quote Investigator!
https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/10/25/tech-exceeded/
|Il est hélas devenu évident aujourd'hui que notre technologie a dépassé notre humanité.|
Personne ne peut vous enlever votre liberté de penser. Vous pouvez être conseillé, éclairé par d'autres, mais ne laissez jamais quelqu'un penser pour vous
Cette citation n'est pas de Baruch Spinoza, mais de Diane Cailhier dans l'épisode 3 de la série québécoise "Chartrand et Simonne" (2000), romance de la vie de Michel Chartrand et Simonne Monet, dans une réponse du personnage de Simonne Monet-Chartrand.
Extrait de l'épisode 3 de la série québécoise "Chartrand et Simonne" intitulée "1942-1945 - L'amour et la guerre" (2000) à partir de 24'40:
|Personne ne peut vous enlever votre liberté de penser. Vous pouvez être conseillé, éclairé par d'autres, mais ne laissez jamais quelqu'un penser pour vous.|
NGC 1559
NGC 1559 est une galaxie spirale barrée située dans la constellation du Réticule, près du Grand Nuage de Magellan, mais beaucoup plus éloignée, à environ 35 millions d'années-lumière de la Terre. Hubble a visité cet objet pour la dernière fois en 2018. La lumière brillante capturée dans cette image offre une mine d'informations qui, grâce à Hubble, peuvent être utilisées à la fois par les scientifiques et le public.
La quantité de nébuleuses dans cette galaxie est impressionnante, sans oublier leur grande taille!
Cette galaxie est à peine plus petite que la Voie lactée (75000 à 96000 années-lumière de diamètre), et elle est gravitationnellement isolée.
Cette image est composée de dix images différentes prises par le télescope spatial Hubble, chacune filtrée pour recueillir la lumière d'une longueur d'onde ou d'une gamme de longueurs d'onde spécifique. Elle couvre la sensibilité de Hubble à la lumière, de l'ultraviolet (275 nanomètres) au proche infrarouge (1600 nanomètres), en passant par le bleu, le vert et le rouge. Cela permet d'enregistrer des informations sur de nombreux processus astrophysiques dans la galaxie: le filtre rouge de 656 nanomètres utilisé ici en est un exemple notable. Les atomes d'hydrogène ionisés peuvent émettre de la lumière à cette longueur d'onde particulière, appelée émission H-alpha. Les nouvelles étoiles qui se forment dans un nuage moléculaire, composé principalement d'hydrogène, émettent de grandes quantités de lumière ultraviolette qui est absorbée par le nuage, mais qui l'ionise et le fait briller de cette lumière H-alpha. Par conséquent, un filtrage permettant de ne détecter que cette lumière constitue un moyen fiable de détecter les zones de formation d'étoiles (appelées régions H II), illustrées sur cette image par les couleurs rouge et rose vives des taches florissantes qui remplissent les bras spiraux de NGC 1559.
Ces dix images proviennent de six programmes d'observation différents avec Hubble, de 2009 à aujourd'hui. Ces programmes ont été menés par des équipes d'astronomes du monde entier avec des objectifs scientifiques variés, allant de l'étude du gaz ionisé et de la formation des étoiles, au suivi d'une supernova, en passant par le suivi des étoiles variables pour contribuer au calcul de la constante de Hubble. Les données issues de toutes ces observations sont conservées dans les archives de Hubble, à la disposition de tous, non seulement pour de nouvelles recherches scientifiques, mais aussi pour créer des images spectaculaires comme celle-ci ! Cette image de NGC 1559 rappelle donc les opportunités incroyables que le télescope spatial Hubble a offertes et continue d'offrir.
Voici 6 étoiles identifiées sur le cliché du HST numérotées de 1 à 6 (n'hésitez pas à zoomer):
1 - Gaia DR3 4676459661466251904. Il s'agit d'une étoile orange 15% plus petite et 30% moins massive que le Soleil située à 2517 années-lumière.
2 - Gaia DR3 4676459661466252288. Il s'agit d'une étoile orange/rouge de même taille et 30% moins massive que le Soleil située à 7571 années-lumière. Juste à gauche d'elle, très proche, se trouve Gaia DR3 4676459661464302720, une naine rouge 80% plus petite et massive que Soleil. Elle est située à 2931 années-lumière.
3 - Gaia DR3 4676459695825988224. Il s'agit d'une étoile jaune 20% plus grande et 10% plus massive que le Soleil située à 1894 années-lumière (espérance de vie: 8,5 milliards d'années).
4 - Gaia DR3 4676459695825989376. Il s'agit d'une étoile orange 20% plus petite et 40% moins massive que le Soleil située à 5445 années-lumière.
5 - Gaia DR3 4676459627106513792. Il s'agit d'une étoile jaune/orange au moins deux fois plus grosse et 20% plus massive que le Soleil à plus de 30000 années-lumière (sa distance est indéterminable par la parallaxe).
6 - Gaia DR3 4676506768667550592. Il s'agit d'une naine rouge 80% plus petite et massive que le Soleil située à 1562 années-lumière.
7 - Gaia DR3 4676459657169273088. Il s'agit d'une naine rouge 70% plus petite et massive que le Soleil située à 5969 années-lumière.
Le Grimpereau des bois
Il est insectivore et monte vers le haut des troncs pour chercher les invertébrés qu'il trouve dans l'écorce avec son fin bec incurvé.
Angry carer dad Ed Davey blasts: 'they don't understand' - Mirror Online
https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/frustration-carer-dad-ed-davey-33658142
#Tories
#Labour
#LibDems
#Davey
#Carers
#SocialCare
#Reeves
#Budget
#LowPaid
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Save the Winter Fuel Payment | Age UK
https://www.ageuk.org.uk/our-impact/campaigning/save-the-winter-fuel-payment/
#WinterFuelPayments
#Elderly
#Pensioners
#WinterFuelAllowance
#MeansTesting
#AgeUK
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Shiri Bailem likes this.
Good watch for those of you not in the US to understand how bad the country is
The chasm and chamber open up, fewer lights than before linger but all is the same dull brightness.
Continuing its f͑ͨ̒͝ą̥͙̬̫̙̤͍̠̥̊͆̇̄̀̎ͭͯ̊͗ͩl̸̸̡̨̙͗͠͡s̮̙̼͕̮̬͎̏̆ͮḝ̸̷̵̨̯̟͈̦̱̜͎̻͂͐̎̒̚͟͝h̨̛͖̣̗̰̗̠̬̬ͨ̓͆̑̂̉͌͠o̸̢͔͚̹̲̰̲̖̭̠̺͈̅̂ͫ̈̏̆̊̚͢͜͡ơ̸̠̭̥̭̺̭̻͙͇̋̌̆̇̏ͩ͊͛̆̔̋̕̚͢͢͠͞ͅ_̞̠̥̭ͩd̵̷̨̦̯͎͍̳̣̬̳̮͕́ͮ̎̈́ͧͭ̑̄̏͑ͥ͂͌̚̚͠͞
of pretending infrastructure with no intention of designating purpose to itself. Tiles on the now very high up ceiling, protrude a yellow reflection from the carpet floor. Only noticing the Rot which slowly creeps down, Invisible at first but with time becomes more noticeable, maybe even growing? A hand imprint on the wall glares into the open, empty chasm.
This place has been forgotte- no.. Abandoned. If god exists, it won't be here and if the Devil exists, this would be a prison even for ḩ̵̸̢̖̟͕̫̄ͭͤ́͆ͣ̏͆͊ȉ̴̸̡̛͉̙͚̣̗̦͕̥͍͚̯͉̦̫̐ͤ̀́́͒̅͂̆ͥ̀̽̑ͫ̓͑̚͘͜͞ͅm̶̡̡̨̨̢̰̹͉̩̭̙͍̹̋̿̃̎̉͊ͭͥ̽ͦ̀̚͞͡͡
The hand is not there. ǝɯᴉʇ sᴉɥʇ ʎʅuo ,ɯsɐɥɔ ǝɯɐs ǝɥʇ oʇ punoɹɐ ʞɔɐq spuᴉʍ sʇI .xǝʅdɯoɔ ǝɥʇ ɟo uɹnʇ ǝʅqᴉssodɯᴉ uɐ ʇɐ sɹnɔɔo ɹǝuɹoɔ ǝʅqɐǝɔᴉʇou ɐ ʇǝdɹɐɔ ᵷuᴉɥsnɯ ǝɥʇ ssoɹɔɐ ᵷuᴉʞʅɐM
Where the hand was,, there is now a door. Djduehwjdiwoq187#817+$9991
ᵃⁿᵈ ᶦᵗˢ ˢᶦⁿᵍᶦⁿᵍ ᵗᵒ ᵐᵉ
Lights dim, shadows grow
Life's sin, shallows row
Chords plucked, listen more.
p̧̠̹͕̫̳ͣ̒ͧ̄͗ͣ̉̒̋ͯ͐̚̕͠͞l̶̨̤̤̪͚̺̬̘̾͒ͫ̅ͯ̓́ͪ̽ͤ̏̾ͩ̈̇̈̀͜͠͞e̴̵̖͇̗̻̺̖̲͚͌ͧ̍̆̀̓ͬ͊̿͂̐̌̎ͧ͜ă̧͍͙͚̹̮̬͈̣͎ͧ̿͗ͦ̇̇̽̃̈́̍͠se̘̗͊̆̔͗̒͟͞͞ o̶̳̩̺̬͎̖̤͉͓̬̽̑͒ͭͪ̎̏͠p̴̴͔̘̬̻̪͚͂ͬͩͪ̓ͦ͒͘̕ẻ̡̢̘͓͗ͤ̅̓ͣ̇ͭ̃n̛̰ͯ̑ t̴̷̵̢̨̲̙̱̫̙̥̬͈̩̳̰̞͙̺̎͆͗̾̉ͪ́́ͭ̀̅̑̑̏̒ͮ͢͝h̵͙̬̮͍̞̻̖̳̙̞̙̲̩̭͖̮̿̀̇ͥ̈́͒̂͂ͣͬ̄͐ͨ̕̕͟͢͝ę̵̵̶̧͍̺͚̦͔͕̳̤̠̙͕͔̤͒̀̊͐̓̄́͒͒̐ͯ̔̍͘̕͜͝ ḍ̶̸̸̹̤̻̣͈̘̰̖ͦ̔ͦ͒̎̾͌́̒ͮ̿̒̾̓ͧ̍ͦͥ͌̅̽ͧ̔̽̆̍̂̍͟͢͜͞ͅo̧̹͍͚̣͇̟̭͔͚̝͚͇̔ͮ͑̿ͫ̈́́̈́̀͛̽͢͟͝͝ͅo̸̷͙̫̰͕̠̳̜͔̺ͭ͑̍̈̓̀̕̚̚͠ͅr̵̯͇̤̰̺̟̓͗̈́̋͆̋ͥ̑͛ͣ̑͘̚͜͢͝͡
Subway Tooter & Foggy Minds
#lgbtqia #lgbt #trans #usa #america #texas #emergency
Trans Texans Can No Longer Change the Gender Marker on Their Drivers Licenses
Until this week, trans residents could change their gender marker with a court order or amended birth certificate.James Factora (Them.)
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A First Post
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First post on Friendica
So I'm relatively new to fediverse, although I have already interacted with federated protocols (such as Matrix, but Matrix is way different from Mastodon/Friendica/Bluesky/Pleroma/etc).
I have been sailing through two Mastodon instances, but Mastodon's character limit is low for my needs. I'm a developer (JS, PHP, Python, etc) that also like to write poetry and chronicles, as well as interacting with AI to create artistic representations of the gothic and the dark supernatural. While it seems that Friendica supports more characters, I'll know it the moment I send this first post. It has 1342 characters in total.
I have a syncretic view over the reality, trying to converge scientific inquiry with the philosophical questioning and the metaphysical spirituality from all religions and belief systems (even when they seem to "contradict" one another; actually, they have more in common than people think, starting from the beginning of the existence from primordial waters from the amniotic liquid to the electromagnetic fields permeating the cosmos, but it's a subject for another future post).
One important thing for me to ask: does the instance allow AI Art (e.g. from artistic representations of daemons such as Astaroth and Lilith to mathematical concepts such as fractals; obviously these AI imagery would be marked as so)?
anubis2814 likes this.
@Daemon Silverstein This instance? I allow properly marked AI content, I would also suggest content warnings (in Friendica it's done with [abstract]content warning message[/abstract]), but I count that more as a courtesy effort than something I'm going to really demand.
Friendica has no character limit set.
As Friendica isn't the friendliest user interface, if you do find you'd prefer Mastodon or Mastodon-like, there are many that have higher character limits.
Daemon Silverstein likes this.
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzgsBSEiEgLhn4vA5YER6ds57Zu12VfwD&si=99ybkfxy9ATFvMH4
Pt 3 is still in the works as this is a rework from 2020
Daemon Silverstein likes this.
Sorry for the downtime
Housing situation has been a pain, still on the temporary server environment and been hitting major resources bottlenecks.
I'm hoping to get a place sooner, but I've hit some roadblocks that very likely will push it drastically further out... in which case I'll need to spend more money on this environment to return things to stable.
Reminder that I'm covering this entirely out of my own pocket and these constraints are because I'm between homes and can't use my own much cheaper hardware. If you appreciate this instance I would very much appreciate a donation.
Vanessa likes this.
Shiri Bailem reshared this.
Friendica vs Mastodon
I tried Friendica previously, but never figured out what I wanted to do with it, and deleted it after a while. But after I'd read the excellent post @Elena Rossini wrote on her blog I realised I really should give it another chance, and decided to put a little more effort into it this time. So I created this account yesterday, and now I'm trying to decide how I want to use it. Some part of that uncertainty is because I haven't figured out all the bells and whistles of the platform, and I don't always quite understand what the help pages are trying to tell me. This is definitely mostly on me, having some preconceived notions and expectations, and getting a little confused here and there. This is not Facebook or Goggle+, it is its own thing.
For the most part though, just trying things out with one eye on those help pages have solved any questions I've had.
After I had signed up, I initially imported all the accounts I am following on Mastodon, but am starting to regret this. The two networks are obviously very different beasts, and I will act accordingly from now on. My current idea is to use Friendica, at least partly, as a sort of news aggregator, following accounts both on the fediverse and via RSS feeds, so a lot of those Mastodon accounts will be unfollowed here for a quieter experience and left on Mastodon. Just because you can follow everything everywhere on ActivityPub, it doesn't always make the best sense. But that, of course, is also the beauty of this, what doesn't make the best sense for me, might do for someone else. Different folks...
Occasionally I may even post something here, things that require more than 500 words, things like this.
That's what I'm planning to do right now, anyway. Who knows what I'll think tomorrow?
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Jarulf reshared this.
@Jarulf @Elena Rossini welcome aboard! I'm definitely saving that article, might link it or one of the guides it mentions in the getting started welcome panel (... I should review that as well, I haven't looked at it in ages)
Also remember there's a helper group as you're figuring things out, just tag helpers@forum.friendi.ca (not tagged here because otherwise it'll share this comment to the group). I'm also happy to help out my users!
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I'm figuring things out as I go along, and I'm pretty sure I'm going to like it here. I'll be sure to ask for help when I'm getting too confused
Shiri Bailem likes this.
Long time no writing here
I started to digging into my latest hobby of #bookbinding (but it's not the only one i assure you)
And made several pamphlet, with also some custom design.
I recently made couple of handmade hardcover journals. One using a custom hero-quest character sheet, the other one is just a lined notebook.
More info for who is interested are available here: https://ko-fi.com/post/Two-more-bookbinding-projects-M4M511EWAN (don't worry all my posts on #ko-fi are free)
It also gave my a nice surprise of receiveing the first donation ever (even if it will be the last it still made me happy! :) ) Any opinion comment is appreciated.
These are couple of pictures of my latest works:
https://storage.ko-fi.com/cdn/useruploads/display/e25f68b4-5f59-4dd9-aa52-e93b11fe46e5_1000053442.jpg
any comment/critics is appreciated.
Shiri Bailem likes this.
Hey there, I'm Kees (they/them/their, ne/nem/nir), a 30-something bug living in California. I'm hoping to make this my public facing account to share my art and generally interact with the rest of the fediverse.
I'm an amateur naturalist (I like BIRDS and BUGS, especially parasitic wasps) and I do art in various media (digital, watercolor, acrylic), usually of birds or original characters from an ARPG I help run. #tokipona li pona. Aaand I don't know what else to put in here so I'll stop ha.
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Shiri Bailem
in reply to Vanessa • •@Vanessa That would be me for future reference (in the menu under information it has a lot of the server details and in there is a link to my profile as well as my email address)
If you look further down on that error message where it says HTTP 502 Bad Gateway it tells me the server might have been having issues at that point in time. In all honestly it's kinda unavoidable at the time due to resource constraints, sites currently on a rented dedicated server until I fix my housing situation (current ETA is late october when I can work on putting it back on my own, more stable, hardware again), so it probably was just having issues loading that page at that time.
There's not a lot I can do with troubleshooting clients, but let me know if it keeps having trouble and maybe I can work with you to find some answers?
Vanessa
in reply to Shiri Bailem • •It's working fine now. Thanks
Vanessa
in reply to Vanessa • •